|
Japanese Terminology
|
|
Below is a list of some of the most commonly encountered Japanese terms in karate and their meanings. |
General Terms
|
|
Training Hall |
||
|
|
Karate Suit |
||
|
|
Instructor |
||
|
|
Bow |
||
|
|
Kneel Move to ready position |
||
|
|
Ready |
||
|
|
Start/begin |
||
|
|
Finish/Stop |
||
|
|
Focus |
||
|
|
Martial shout |
||
|
|
Martial state of mind awareness |
||
|
|
Respectful greeting or acknowledgement |
||
|
|
Formal Exercises |
||
|
|
Basic Techniques |
||
|
|
Sparring |
||
|
|
Head |
||
|
|
Middle Body Lower Body |
||
|
|
|
|
Dojo |
|
|
Gi |
|
|
Sensei |
|
|
Rei |
|
|
Seiza Kamae-te |
|
|
Yoi |
|
|
Hajime |
|
|
Yame |
|
|
Kime |
|
|
Kiai |
|
|
Zanshin |
|
|
Oss |
|
|
Kata |
|
|
Kihon |
|
|
Kumite |
|
|
Jodan Chudan Gedan |
|
|
|
|
Dachi - Stances
Zenkutsu dachi
Kokutsu dachi
Kiba dachi
Heisoku dachi
Fudo dachi
Hangetsu dachi
Sanchin dachi
Neko ashi dachi
Front stance
Backstance
Side stance
Parallel leg stance (feet together and parallel)
Rooted stance (like side stance, but facing 45°)
Half moon stance
Hour glass stance
Cat footstance
kokutsu dachi
Uke - Blocks
|
Gedan barai |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soto uke |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shuto uke |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nagashi uke |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Empi uke |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morote uke Age uke Uchi uke Tate shuti uke Haushu uke Juji uke Kakewake uke |
|
|
|
|
|
Downward block
Outside block
Knife hand block
Sweeping block
Elbow block
Augmented block
Rising block
Inside block
Vertical knife hand block
Back hand block
X block
Wedge block
soto uke
age uke
Tsuki - Punches
Oi tsuki
Gyaku tsuki
Choku tsuki
Sanbon tsuki
Kizami tsuki
Ura tsuki
Stepping punch
Reverse punch
Straight punch (on the spot)
Triple punch
Front hand punch
Upper cut punch
oi tsuki
Geri - Kicks
Mae geri
Yoko geri keage
Yoko geri kekomi
Mawashi geri
Hiza geri
Ushiro geri
Fumikomi
Ashi barai
Ushiro mawashi-geri
Ren geri
Front kick
Side snap kick
Side thrust kick
Roundhouse kick
Knee kick
Back kick
Stamping kick
Sweeping leg kick or foot
Reverse roundhouse kick
Kicking combinations stepping between kicks
yoko geri kekomi
Uchi - Strikes​
Age empi uchi
Mawashi empi uchi
Tate empi uchi
Uraken uchi
Nukite
Haito uchi
Yoko empi uchi
Ushiro empi uchi
Shuto uchi
Tetsui uchi
Teisho uchi
Rising elbow strike
Round elbow strike
Downward elbow strike
Backfist strike
Spear hand thrust
Ridge hand strike
Side elbow strike
Reverse elbow strike
Knife hand strike
Hammer fist strike
Palm heel strike
shuto uchi
Kumite - Sparring
kumite
Gohon kumite
Sanbon kumite
Kihon ippon kumite
Kaishi ippon kumite
Jyu Ippon kumite
Jiyu kumite
Sparring
5 step sparring
3 step sparring
Basic 1 step sparring
Reaction sparring
Semi freestyle sparring
Freestyle sparring
kihon ippon kumite